Abebe On Language.

ktschwarz reminds me that the NY Times has rebooted On Language:

Written memorably by William Safire for most of its run, the original column was a mainstay of the magazine for 32 years until 2011. Now that social media, online communities and contemporary political discourse are transforming language profoundly — and these new grammars and vocabularies are flowing into large language models that, slowly but surely, are becoming a dominant force — we think it’s high time to bring the column back. The primary writer will be Nitsuh Abebe. His first column published earlier this week, on the word “lethality.” That follows a string of great columns Nitsuh has written in recent months about the em-dash, the neologism “cope,” the suffix “-maxxing” and the reluctance people have to use periods in texts.

I had actually planned to write about it last week, but that “lethality” essay (archived) annoyed me by being so focused on the news of the day. The new one (archived), on “agentic,” is more to my taste, paying greater attention to word history:

There are various reports and they all seem to agree: The tech world is currently awash in the concept of agency. It is, more specifically, extremely into the word “agentic,” which peppers the language of the tech-associated, the tech-adjacent, the tech-adjacent-adjacent.

That’s “agentic” as in, you know, having agency — possessing the capacity “to influence and control outcomes through assertive individual action,” as the Oxford English Dictionary has it. The word holds a lot of meaning in computing, but Silicon Valley aspirants seem just as eager to apply it to themselves. They talk about being agentic people; sometimes they dress up the idea in a little rhetorical suit and talk about the Highly Agentic Individual. They are describing the kind of person who simply acts, assertively, to shape the world, rather than seeking approval or meekly following the herd. Candidates for tech jobs get asked if they’re agentic (good) or mimetic (yuck). On X, people debate whether the platform’s owner, Elon Musk, is in fact “the most agentic person alive.” One poster laments the way a cold can ruin your workday: “You won’t make any deals, you won’t be an agentic person. You’re milquetoast.” Another just needs an adequately agentic aide to help schedule medical appointments.

This sense of agency is hundreds of years old: That O.E.D. entry — II.4, “Ability or capacity to exert power” — features citations from the year 1606 onward, concerning things like “the moral Agency of the Supreme Being” versus that of humanity, or the state’s role in preserving the “personal free agency” of its citizens. But you could be forgiven for thinking it feels new, given how much our understanding of it has been shaped by recent thinking in psychology. In that field, agency is the ability to act independently and, by doing so, to feel control over your own direction — steering your fate instead of watching helplessly as life happens to you. (Children, for instance, are said to gradually develop more “agency and autonomy” as they grow.) Readers of things like feminist criticism will have watched a related usage bubble up from academic thought (1988: Unlike depictions of “women as victims of forces beyond their control,” Emma stands as “Austen’s most agentic heroine”) and eventually cross into everyday speech. […]

Most Americans remain more connected with a different meaning of “agent.” We’re used to the agent as representative — someone who acts on behalf of. Talent agents negotiate deals for actors, writers, models. Travel agents book vacation packages for tour groups. Customer-service agents appear, if you’re lucky, after a minute or two of wearily declaiming the word “AGENT” into a speech-recognition phone system.

The word’s etymology contains both strains: the agent as actor, yes, but also as advocate, instrument, emissary. That double meaning is incredibly handy for the tech industry. It can sound as though agentic A.I. models are meant to assist us — even when the people using the word are boasting that their models are just fine acting without us.

I had actually been wondering what all those people meant by “agentic,” so I’m glad to have it explained, and of course I’m glad the NYT has revived the column.

Comments

  1. David Eddyshaw says

    Naturally the thing that most interested me about Nitsuh Abebe was his name. Sadly, I can find nothing to shed any light on this at all.

  2. Yes, I was wondering about that as well.

  3. J.W. Brewer says

    Wikipedia lists various people of Ethiopian ancestry with Abebe as either a given name or a surname (from a patronymic, apparently). And some random website that’s not obviously fraudulent says that Nitsuh is a transliteration of the (epicene) given name ንጹህ .

  4. J.W. Brewer says

    Whatever his ancestry, however, Mr. Abebe is so well-assimilated into American society as to have perfectly mastered the rhetorical register of a particular style of writing about rock music that is sometimes deprecated by soreheads as stereotypically white-and-nerdy, as seen by his authorship of the impressive compound phrase “angular guitar attacks, odd skronks, jazzy tones, and a generally deconstructive approach.”

  5. Amharic?

  6. ንጹህ:

    1. true

    adjective

    1. white, chaste, clean, innocent, tidy, Clean
    2. clean, purging, spotless, venerable, watering

    noun

    1. clear, orderliness

    propn

    1. catherine

    pronoun

    1. catherine

    Make of that what you will.

  7. David Eddyshaw says

    The only Amharic names I can ever spot are the ones nicked from Ge’ez, like Haile Selassie.

    ንጹህ is “clean, pure”, apparently:

    https://dictionary.abyssinica.com/%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%B9%E1%88%85

    Fair enough.
    So “Catherine/Innocent.” Depending.

    [Ninja’d by Hat]

  8. Abebe Bikila is a famous one (to me).

  9. In ancient times, i.e. ten years ago when I was working in Washington D.C., the essential thing was to be pro-active, which as far as I can tell means pretty much the same as agentic. Except one is east coast and the other is west coast, therefore worlds apart.

  10. David Eddyshaw says

    Programming used to have to be “agile.” I think that was before it became “vibe.”

  11. Agile Programming is a specific thing, in principle. But as the article says “The increasing adoption of agile practices has also been criticized as being a management fad that simply describes existing good practices under new jargon, promotes a one-size-fits-all mindset towards development strategies, and wrongly emphasizes method over results.” That is what I assume it really is.

  12. ktschwarz reminds me that the NY Times has rebooted On Language

    I almost didn’t catch that.

  13. CrawdadTom says

    Abebe Bekila is also famous to me.

  14. Trond Engen says

    Is Abebe the same as in Addis Abeba, i.e. አበባ “flower”?

    Wikipedia knows a decent list of (mostly) Ethiopians named Abebe or what I assume is variant forms, be it cognates in related languages or different romanisations.

  15. Programming used to have to be “agile.” …

    That is sooo decade before last.

    These days AI writes programs, so there’s nobody responsible for “practitioners value”s any more. Increasingly, it’s apparent that Claude’s code is the very opposite of Agile — indeed almost unmaintainable. Expect that once Claude has picked all the ‘low-hanging fruit’ (a jargon term that sits right beside ‘proactive’), programmers (if there’s any left by then) will declare Claude’s code obsolete and have to rewrite it all. So halting any systems evolution as happened around Y2K.

  16. Richard Hershberger says

    @David L: Back in an earlier life, i.e. c. 1990, I had the misfortune to work in a WalMart in California. It was largely a miserable experience, but I was delighted one day when the store manager gathered us around to eagerly propound the wisdom from some meeting or seminar he had attended. Our problem, he explained, was that we were too proactive and needed to be more reactive. He had learned a new (to him) buzzword, but had gotten it backwards. Fortunately I was standing in the back of the group, as I had difficulty not bursting into laughter.

  17. cuchuflete says

    The “reboot” appears to include a switch from a serif to a sans serif typeface. How very 1980s chic!

    This week, readers will notice a new design for our print edition, alongside a modernized digital experience online. Read more in this note from magazine editor Jake Silverstein.

    ⬅️. In the original, this was a serif typeface. What follows below was a sans serif face.

    The New York Times Magazine is 130 years old, and the world into which it publishes every week is undergoing more change than at any point in its long history. Today, the formats we all work in are vast, complex and ever-changing. A single story may exist as a piece of writing in print and digital form, a long a…

    Stanley Arthur Morison would not be pleased.

  18. The Arabic cognate to ንጹህ is نصوح naṣūḥ, which I think I’ve only ever heard in one fixed phrase of Quranic origin: tawbatan naṣūḥan “with sincere repentance”. It doesn’t relate in any immediately obvious way to the primary sense of the root, “advise”; you would expect the meaning “someone who gives lots of advice”, which apparently is also a possible sense of the word. That makes me suspect that, in this sense, it may be a loanword from Ge`ez rather than an Arabic-internal formation.

    Edit: al-Qurtubi lists 28 possible interpretations of the precise meaning of naṣūḥ here, starting with “irreversible” and “sincere”.

  19. David Eddyshaw says

    On X, people debate whether the platform’s owner, Elon Musk, is in fact “the most agentic person alive.”

    An obvious spellcheck error. He’s the most argentic person alive.

  20. Trond Engen says

    Lameen: al-Qurtubi lists 28 possible interpretations of the precise meaning of naṣūḥ here, starting with “irreversible” and “sincere”.

    And “camel”, obviously.

  21. J.W. Brewer says

    David E.’s use of “argentic” reminds me we don’t really seem to have an English adjective unargentic, although that could be a learned semi-calque of the Greek-origin Ανάργυρος/anargyros, glossed by Merriam-Webster as “Eastern Church: one of thirteen saints who were mostly physicians said to have assisted the suffering and needy without accepting payment.”* The most usual English calque I’m familiar with (in referencing these saints) is “unmercenary,” but that’s not particularly idiomatic English.

    *The relevant point is that they did not generally heal people in a miraculous/supernatural manner. Merely using their conventional secular medical skills to heal people in scientifically-explainable ways, but w/o asking to be paid for it, was considered sufficient evidence of sanctity and I guess a miracle in its own right.

  22. David Eddyshaw says

    a miracle in its own right

    Indeed. A camel getting through the eye of a needle. So to speak.

  23. “pronoun

    1. catherine“

    I’m feeling a bit fuzzy headed this morning, so maybe I’m missing something obvious, but… what?

    On “agentic”, I recently read Le Guin’s The Lathe of Heaven, the central theme of which is about the virtues of not acting/being “agentic”. I would say that I wish more tech bros would read the book, but I’m afraid if they did, they probably see Dr. Haber as the hero and try and emulate him.

  24. David Eddyshaw says

    Eglon has apparently read

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Player_of_Games

    He evidently concluded that the Empire of Azad is the way to go.

  25. I’m feeling a bit fuzzy headed this morning, so maybe I’m missing something obvious, but… what?

    Yes, that was my reaction too, and the main reason I quoted the entry.

  26. Trond Engen says

    What is a name but a truly personal pronoun?

  27. Nitsuh […] The Arabic cognate to ንጹህ is نصوح naṣūḥ

    i’ve never seen his name in anything but transliteration (and in any case my abilities with arabic script of any kind are still, alas, nothing and nowhere), but are either of these related to the name of the bosnian ottoman polymath matrakçı nasuh? (in full, per wikipedia, “Nasuh bin Karagöz bin Abdullah el-Visokavi el-Bosnavî”*, and sobriqueted “el-Silâhî” as well as by the name of the SCA-style combat sport he invented)

    agentic […] argentic

    or possibly the most agnatic?

    .
    * what a quietly impressive name! i’m picturing an calqued englishman called purity punchson godloverson of ballycassidy.

  28. Nelson Goering : Le Guin’s “The Lathe of Heaven” — this is probably my favorite of her books. Not because it is the best (that’s subjective — I like the Earthsea novels greatly), but maybe because I read it at a more impressionable age.

    David Eddyshaw : “He evidently concluded that the Empire of Azad is the way to go.” That literally, and I’m not joking, me laugh out loud. Still am. Thank you. The world is so dark lately. It’s difficult to laugh about anything. EDIT Melon UGH probably did read The Player of Games. That’s how we got into the Torment Nexus.

  29. The most important thing to know about “agentic” and “generative” in California ‘tech’ discourse is that they are used by people who are playacting at being an artificial intelligence. Their fantasies and fears about artificial minds are mirrors of their fantasies and fears about the ideal person.

  30. V, my favourite of her books (or of those I’ve read, rather: she apparently wrote 23 novels, and I’ve only read a little over half of them) is The Telling (also certainly a subjective view, and I understand why it’s not her most generally popular book). I avoided Lathe for a long time, because I thought the premise sounded hokey. Which, I guess it is, but Le Guin makes it really work. Still, I’m glad I waited, since I think this was a good moment for me to read it.

  31. are either of these related to the name of the bosnian ottoman polymath matrakçı nasuh

    Looks like his name is indeed نصوح, so yes! Don’t think I’ve ever encountered it as an Islamic personal name before.

    I would say that I wish more tech bros would read the book, but I’m afraid if they did, they probably see Dr. Haber as the hero and try and emulate him.

    There is surely nothing more traditionally Californian than coming up with one’s own interpretation of the Daodejing, but I don’t think even the most ambiguous of the Chinese classics is flexible enough to be twisted into “Move fast and break things”, so the Silicon Valley answer to Laozi may have to wait.

  32. tawbatan naṣūḥan “with sincere repentance”…
    it may be a loanword from Ge`ez rather than an Arabic-internal formation

    What an interesting topic!

    At the last IQSA meeting, there was a very interesting-sounding paper proposing Ge’ez influence on this Arabic usage of  naṣūḥ. Reading the abstract, I very much regret not being in attendance. I hope this paper sees publication soon.

    (For the general LH reader: besides nṣḥ ‘be pure’ (with ጸ ጸ), Ethiosemitic has a separate root nsḥ ‘repent, do penance, regret’ (with s ሰ, not ); see for example the entry in Leslau’s dictionary on p. 402 here. The entry for Ge’ez nṣḥ ‘be pure’ (with cognates like Hebrew נֶצַח néṣaḥ, etc.) is a few pages after, here.)

  33. I really liked the first half of The Lathe of Heaven, before things really got wild. I thought there were some missteps in the second half, although it was still good. To appreciate some minor aspects of the novel, it helps to be familiar with Portland, Oregon, as it was decades ago.

  34. I remember reading The Lathe of Heaven more than 40 years ago, and all I remember is that it was obviously a parody of the manner of Philip K. Dick before he went crazy.

  35. David Marjanović says

    EDIT Melon UGH probably did read The Player of Games.

    Yeah, read the Wikipedia article to the end.

  36. A preprint, with manifestly AI-produced cartoon figures and entitled “The Agentification of Scientific Research: A Physicist’s Perspective,” appeared in last night’s arXiv.org mailing. I only skimmed it, but I wasn’t impressed.

  37. David Marjanović says

    I read the first few paragraphs; it seems to be speculation about what could (soon) happen if LLMs worked as advertized instead of being glorified autocomplete.

    Maybe LLMs, or some other form of AI, will get there some day. Maybe they’ll get there next year thanks to some completely unforeseen breakthrough. I see no point in speculating. Sit back, relax, and watch.

  38. Speaking of AI:

    No living American historian is as prolific as Blake Whiting. In one week alone last fall, he published 13 books on a host of complex archaeological and historical subjects, ranging from the collapse of Near Eastern civilizations in 1177 BCE to the recent discovery of a huge Silk Road–era city in Central Asia.

    Amazon sells his hardbacks for $28.99, the paperbacks for $20.99, and the Kindle versions for a bargain $7.99. What you can’t buy from Amazon at any price, however, is Blake Whiting’s CV. Though the books claim to be copyrighted in his name, you won’t find an author picture or bio, nor will you find his website or Instagram. He does not belong to the faculty of any college or university, and he is unknown to those academics he cites in his books—which are not actually copyrighted.

    Whiting, as you have guessed, is neither historian nor human. His fake persona is harbinger of an alarming trend threatening disaster to academics and journalists alike.

    I know this all too well; I am a science and history author who has published extensively on many of the subjects covered in Whiting’s books. I have written magazine features that have been clearly reshuffled, reorganized, and supplemented with other freely available material to masquerade as the unique work of “Blake Whiting.” This is not plagiarism in the old-fashioned sense, in which a few sentences or paragraphs are lifted from a previously published work. This is word-laundering on a truly industrial scale, aided and abetted by one of the world’s largest corporations. Using AI tools and a pseudonym, unknown culprits are now profiting from my work and that of my colleagues. Worse, they are limiting what we can write about in the future. What publisher wants to publish a second book on an archaeological discovery, no matter how significant?

  39. David Eddyshaw says

    No surprise: Amazon is owned by a technofascist polluter of the noosphere. “AI” is perfectly adapted to his purposes.

  40. J.W. Brewer says

    I hope these scurrilous accusations of non-existence do not harm the reputation of the *real* Blake Whiting, a right-handed pitcher who most recently played for the single-A Carolina Mudcats in 16 games during the 2024 season. Who may or may not be the same one who’s a grad student at the University of Kentucky “interested in category theory, algebraic topology, ahd homotopy theory,” but is probably the same one who put his academic/ballplaying career on hold in 2017-19 to do missionary work for the LDS church in the Dominican Republic. Amazing how AI allows multitasking!

  41. Here’s another recent preprint about AI in particle physics, which is shorter and much more concrete. They use Claude to duplicate existing results in an area that is important but can be dirty and computationally intensive—tagging hadronic jets in Large Hadron Collider data. I wouldn’t say I’m impressed with what they’ve done, but they seem to be taking a very reasonable approach.

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